Enter the World of Chemiluminescence   What is Chemiluminescence The term "chemiluminescence" was first coined by Eilhardt Weidemann (1888). Chemiluminescence, the phenomenon observed when a product that has been stimulated exogenously into an excited state relaxes to its ground state and emits photons, can be defined in simple terms: the emission of light in a chemical reaction. Historical Background of Chemiluminescence A breakthrough from traditional immunoassays was the pioneering work of Yalow and Berson, the American scientists who first used radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the determination of insulin in 1959. Since the 1970s, various non-radiolabeling methods have been gradually developed. In 1977, Tsuji et al. developed a non-radiolabeled immunoassay based on the basic principles of radioimmunoassay, using labeled luminol as a tracer signal. The chemiluminescence of enzymes was combined with the immune reaction to develop the chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA).   Advantages of Chemiluminescent Immunoassay Technology The advantages of CLIA over RIA, EIA, and FIA are (1) No radiation hazard; (2) High sensitivity, with a linear range of detection of 6 orders of magnitude and a lower limit of 10-21 mol; (3) Stable luminescent markers with long validity; (4) Easy to achieve automated operation; (5) Wide range of applications, can detect antigens, semi-antigens, and antibodies of different molecular sizes, and can also be used for the detection of nucleic acid probes.   Basic Principles of Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Chemiluminescence analysis is a combination of chemiluminescence and immunoassay. It offers both the high sensitivity of chemiluminescence and the high selectivity of immunoassay.  CLIA involves the labeling of an antigen or antibody with a chemiluminescent reagent (luminol or catalyst, etc.), the labeling of the antigen/antibody and the substance to be measured after a series of immunological and physicochemical steps (centrifugation, washing, etc.), and the final determination of the substance to be measured in the form of luminescence intensity. Take Getein's acridine ester direct luminescence methodology as an example: the antibodies are labeled separately with acridine ester and magnetic beads, and after the immunoconjugate reaction between the labeled antibody and the antigen in the substance to be tested, a bead-coated antibody-antigen-acridine ester labeled antibody complex is formed. All that is required is the addition of an oxidizing agent to create an alkaline environment with NaOH, and the acridine anchorite can then directly emit light. The photon energy produced per unit time is recorded and the amount of the substance to be measured can be calculated from the standard curve. Main types of chemiluminescent immunoassays Depending on the marker, CLIA can be divided into three main categories: direct chemiluminescence, enzymatic chemiluminescence and electrochemiluminescence immunoassa...

Thyroid Disorders, How much do you know? The History Of Thyroid Disorders Thyroid conditions have likely been around for hundreds of years, especially those caused by autoimmune disorders such as Hashimoto's or Graves' disease. The first mention of the treatment of a goiter, or an enlarged thyroid gland, is in 2700 BC when seaweed was a medical therapy in what is now China! By the time the thyroid was given its name in 1656, much scientific progress already happened concerning the gland. Leonardo Da Vinci anatomically illustrated the thyroid, the process of a thyroidectomy determined, a needle biopsy taken. Until the late 1950s, synthetic thyroid medications became available. However, by the 1970s, natural thyroid medications had primarily been replaced by synthetic thyroid substances produced by pharmaceutical companies. If thyroid medications were unable to treat the disorder successfully, thyroidectomies or iodine radiation might be considered, as they still are today. Epidemiology of Thyroid Disease Thyroid diseases are unique in their diagnosis, treatment, and visibility. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for effective management. The five most important thyroid diseases include hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter/iodine deficiency disorders, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and thyroid cancer. Hypothyroidism (low production of thyroid hormone): It can affect individuals of all ages. Congenital hypothyroidism needs early diagnosis and therapy to prevent brain damage. Hyperthyroidism (increased production of thyroid hormone): It occurs due to overactive thyroid gland functioning, which accelerates the metabolism of the body. Goiter (Enlarged thyroid gland, may/may not be associated with thyroid functional change): Recent research established a link between iodine deficiency and endemic goiter, especially in the Himalayan regions. Iodine deficiency was shown to be associated with hypothyroidism in neonates. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (also called Hashimoto's disease) – an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune cells attack the thyroid gland): An Indian study found that among girls with a goiter, 7.5% had juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis (which includes Hashimoto's thyroiditis). Thyroid cancer: A disorder in which malignant (cancer) cells develop in thyroid gland tissues. Thyroid nodules are frequent; however, they are not always cancerous. There are several forms of thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer risk can be influenced by age, gender, and radiation exposure. Tips to Prevent Thyroid Disease   There are a few tips to prevent thyroid disease. They include adopting various lifestyle factors and behaviors, such as:  Getein’s Care Epidemiological studies indicate that 1% of men and 5% of women have clinically detectable thyroid nodules and that the prevalence rises with age and in iodine-deficient communities. Therefore, timely detection and screening of thyroid disease is particularly important. And Getein also provides...

Understanding COVID-19 Re-Infection Risk & Symptoms Foreword Recently, there have been some people around with cold symptoms such as fever, cough, and headache. Many people are very worried and afraid that this might be a second infection of COVID-19. However, from a scientific point of view, we need to first clarify two issues: whether it is currently flu season, and the hazards and symptoms of re-infection. Is It Flu Season Now? Firstly, it is not currently flu season. Generally, the high season for the flu virus is in the period between autumn and winter, while we are currently in the period between spring and summer, so it cannot be claimed that the appearance of these symptoms means flu is on the rise. But this doesn’t mean that all patients with symptoms cannot be flu. The Dangers and Risks of Re-Infection Regarding re-infection, its danger mainly depends on whether one has been vaccinated. Because the COVID-19 virus mutates quickly, there is still a risk of infection after the first infection or vaccination. However, compared with the first infection, the danger of the second infection is smaller. Vaccines can improve the body's immunity, making the symptoms of the second infection milder, and there will not be severe cases or deaths occurring. Symptoms of a Second Infection: What to Expect In terms of symptoms, the manifestation of a second infection may be slightly different, and specific cases vary among individuals. Generally speaking, the symptoms of the second infection are relatively mild and may include headaches, low-grade fever, coughing, and other common cold symptoms. However, it should be noted that although the symptoms after infection are milder, they do not significantly differ from those of common colds, so timely medical diagnis and isolation treatment are required. Prevention and Treatment: Personal Hygiene is Key Finally, please be reminded not to panic when facing infection symptoms around you. If feeling unwell, seek medical attention promptly to rule out any dangerous diseases. At the same time, pay attention to personal hygiene, wash hands frequently, ventilate more, and maintain a healthy lifestyle and habits. Only in this way can we prevent colds and viral attacks.   Reference: 1. Nypaver, C. ,  C. Dehlinger , and  C. Carter . "Influenza and Influenza Vaccine: A Review." Journal of Midwifery and Womens Health 12(2021). 2. Mayoclinic，"COVID-19 vs. flu: Similarities and differences." https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/in-depth/coronavirus-vs-flu/art-20490339

Hypertension, A Neglected Cause of Premature Death  What is pulse pressure? Blood pressure is the pressure of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries. Arteries carry blood from your heart to other parts of your body. Blood pressure readings are given in two numbers:  The top number is the maximum pressure the heart exerts while beating (systolic pressure). The bottom number is the amount of pressure in the arteries between beats (diastolic pressure).  How To Diagnosis Blood Pressure Hypertension can be diagnosed by performing careful and repeated blood pressure measures. Blood pressure categories include normal blood pressure, a systolic pressure of less than 120, and a diastolic pressure of less than 80. Elevated blood pressure is defined as a systolic pressure 120 to 129, and a diastolic pressure less than 80. Hypertension is defined as systolic pressure greater than or equal to 130, or diastolic pressure greater than or equal to 80.   An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years worldwide have hypertension, most (two-thirds) living in low- and middle-income countries An estimated 46% of adults with hypertension are unaware that they have the condition. Less than half of adults (42%) with hypertension are diagnosed and treated. What problems does high blood pressure cause?   Heart Attack and Heart Disease: High blood pressure can damage arteries by making them less elastic, which decreases the flow of blood and oxygen to your heart and leads to heart disease.  Stroke and Brain Problems: High blood pressure can cause the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the brain to burst or be blocked, causing a stroke. Brain cells die during a stroke because they do not get enough oxygen Kidney Disease: Adults with diabetes, high blood pressure, or both have a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease than those without these conditions. Treatment/Prevention Getein's Hypertension Diagnostic Protocol The higher your blood pressure levels, the more risk you have for other health problems, such as heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. As one of the leading in vitro diagnostic companies in China, Getein always keeps the health and well-being of all human in mind and has developed a complete solution for cardiovascular problems and kidney function tests.  In addition to your trusted POCT solution, Getein also launches MAGICL 6000, a compact and innovative chemiluminescence solution, that accurately detects each of your tests, helping to detect cardiovascular or kidney problems that may be caused by high blood pressure earlier and faster.  Reference:   1. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow, WS, Casey DE, Collins KJ, Himmelfarb CD, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/Amer...

WORLD ASTHMA DAY BREATHE WELL LIVE WELL   Key facts about Asthma Asthma is a long-term condition affecting children and adults. The air passages in the lungs become narrow due to inflammation and tightening of the muscles around the small airways. This causes asthma symptoms such as cough, wheeze, shortness of breath and chest tightness. These symptoms are intermittent and are often worse at night or during exercise. Other common triggers can make asthma symptoms worse. Triggers vary from person to person, but can include viral infections (colds), dust, smoke, fumes, changes in the weather, grass and tree pollen, animal fur and feathers, strong soaps and perfume.   Asthma Care for All Asthma cannot be cured, but good management with inhaled medications can control the disease and enable people with asthma to enjoy a normal, active life. Asthma is often under-diagnosed and under-treated, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. People with under-treated asthma can suffer sleep disturbance, tiredness during the day, and poor concentration. Asthma sufferers and their families may miss school and work, with financial impact on the family and wider community. If symptoms are severe, people with asthma may need to receive emergency health care and they may be admitted to hospital for treatment and monitoring. In the most severe cases, asthma can lead to death.   It's Time for World Asthma Day World Asthma Day was initially established in 1998 by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). The day was created to promote awareness of asthma as a condition that is increasing. By 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized asthma as of major public health importance. In fact, the WHO estimated that almost 340 million people in the world were suffering from asthma, and that year there were over 400,000 deaths due to this disease of the lungs. Thus, learning more about asthma, raising awareness, and supporting those who have the disease is growing in importance. So now it’s time to observe World Asthma Day!   Getein's care for Asthma Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is associated with immunoglobulin E (IgE)—an antibody generated by the immune system, in this case, in response to a normally harmless substance. Children who have asthma are more likely to have elevated IgE levels than adults with asthma. Given the role of IgE in certain asthma cases, treatment may involve an anti-IgE medication to lower amounts of this antibody and its effects. A blood test to check your levels can help determine whether this may or may not be useful in your case.   With this test item on MAGICL 6000, a fully automatic, high throughput, chemiluminescence product, high detection speed and accurate detection results are guaranteed. Protect health, Getein is always by your side.

【Getein Science】Malaria, Things you should know 1. What's Malaria Malaria is a serious disease that spreads when you’re bitten by a mosquito infected by tiny parasites. The mosquito injects malaria parasites into your bloodstream when it bites you. The parasites, not a virus or a particular type of bacteria, are what cause malaria. Malaria can result in serious health issues such as convulsions, brain damage, breathing difficulties, organ failure, and even death if it is not treated. Tropical regions with high temperatures and humidity are vulnerable to malaria. Worldwide, there were 247 million cases of malaria reported in 2021. Most of these occurrences take place in South Asia and Africa. WHO marked World Malaria Day 2023 under the theme “Time to deliver zero malaria: invest, innovate, implement”. Within this theme, WHO will focus on the third “i” – implement – and notably the critical importance of reaching marginalized populations with the tools and strategies that are available today. 2. Malaria Treatment Malaria is treated with prescription drugs to kill the parasite. The most common antimalarial drugs include: Chloroquine phosphate: Chloroquine is the preferred treatment for any parasite that is sensitive to the drug. However, chloroquine is no longer a useful medication due to parasite resistance in many regions of the world. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs): ACT is a combination of two or more medications that combat the malaria parasite in various ways. For malaria that is resistant to chloroquine, this is typically the recommended treatment. Youyou Tu won the Nobel Prize in 2015 for her discovery of artemisinin and its combination therapy. Getein’s care Malaria is an infectious disease affecting the world, but the infectious diseases that affect human health are much more than that. Getein has launched a variety of infectious disease test items to protect people’s health, including hepatitis B, HIV, syphilis, and so on. With these test items on MAGICL 6000, a fully automatic, high throughput, chemiluminescence product, high detection speed and accurate detection results are guaranteed. Protect health, Getein is always by your side.  【References】 1. CDC: Treatment of Malaria: Guidelines for Clinicians 2. Cleveland Clinic: Malaria Overview 3. WHO: World Malaria Day 4. IBSA Foundation: Tu youyou, the Nobel Prize for her work on Malaria.https://news.cgtn.com/news/2019-10-23/Tu-Youyou-wins-UNESCO-s-international-prize-for-life-sciences-L1gU4HGeWs/index.html

-Getein Animal- Caring For Your Pet Partner Animal Diagnostic The relationship between a person and a pet can be either a playmate or a family member. Pets bring us not only a listening ear but also companionship. They bring warmth, sweetness, and happiness to people and are the best partners for them. As the number of pets kept has increased, the status of pets in people's minds and social attention has also changed. This evolution has rapidly upgraded consumer attitudes, leading to a more specialized and refined pet economy. As an essential segment of pet medicine, pet diagnostics has a higher degree of specialization and is developing in the same direction as human medical testing. The market demand is bound to develop along the lines of simplicity of operation, rapid results, accuracy, precision, and sensitivity.  Company Overview Getein Animal Medical Technology Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise established in December 2021, focusing on animal health and quality of life and engaging in research, development, production, and marketing of animal diagnostic medical devices and reagents. As a subsidiary company of Getein Biotech Inc., it sets up a professional R&D team to carry out R&D and registration of animal health-related products relying on relevant technology platforms. As an essential part of Getein Biotech, we pay attention to precision and refinement, innovation and practice, integration, and optimization. We are determined to develop the best team in the field of animal health. The technology platforms involved in the company's products include hematology, colloidal gold, immunofluorescence, and PCR molecular diagnosis. And for the reagents it covers animal infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, inflammation, kidney injuries, cardiac diseases, anemia, etc. ACE Products Reliable & Accurate Advanced immunofluorescence quantitative technology Provide high-quality testing lnstant Testing Get results in 3-10 min One sample can be tested in 5 sec at the fastest with multiple test items Multi-scene Application Small in size, lithium-ion battery (optional) Support WlFl, convenient data transmission, free of network cables Apply to multiple scenarios Smooth Operation Large display, android system, user-friendly interface Automatic reading of test items Real-time auto-printing and uploading     Sample In - Result Out Compact design & All-in-One system Fully automated nucleic acid extraction → PCR amplification → detection → analysis Quick Test Fastest turnaround time of 30 min or less from sample to result High Throughput Dual-module design,12 test channels Multiple items could be detected simultaneously Room Temperature Transportation & Storage Advanced technology, freeze-dried reagent Convenient and cost-effective transportation Easy Operation Simple workflow Require minimal training and hands-on time   Fast Test, 60 T/H 23 Reportable Parameters 10.4 Inches Touch...

Getein One Step Test for SARS-CoV-2 Antigen (Colloidal Gold) is intended for the qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in human nasal swab samples. This test is suitable for medical laypersons as a self-test at home or at work.   Please click the video below to watch the operation procedure.